Error: Microsoft SQL Server: Cannot connect to (local)

Description

Error when attempting to log into SQL Server Management Studio:  "Cannot connect to (local)."

Solution

As the error message indicates, the SQL Server is not accessible.  The issue may be caused by one of the following:

1)  Issue with Server Connection Configuration

Start > All Programs > Microsoft SQL Server > Configuration Tools > SQL Server Configuration Manager

Verify the correct protocols are configured (this will vary based on type of environment).  Refer to Microsoft TechNet article, Choosing a Network Protocol, for further assistance with this topic.

2)  Issue with Service Account Authentication
Start > Administrative Tools > Services
Verify that the SQL Server (MSSQLServer) Service is running.  If it is not running, try to start it.  Make sure the Service Account credentials are properly configured and that the account is not locked out.

References

Microsoft TechNet (August, 2011).  Choosing a Network Protocol.  Retrieved August 29, 2011 from http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms187892.aspx.